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Objectives. To prospectively compare open surgical and the new hand-assisted approach to laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for urothelial cell carcinoma. Previous retrospective studies have suggested that standard laparoscopic nephroureterectomy provides a briefer convalescence than open surgical nephroureterectomy.Methods. Between March 1997 and September 1999, 16 hand-assisted laparoscopic and 11...
Objectives. To examine the functional effects of bradykinin (BK) and angiotensin II (AN II) on isolated human cavernous tissue and to detect any changes in the AN II levels in cavernous and peripheral blood samples taken from healthy volunteers at different functional conditions of the penile erectile tissue. Metabolites of the renin-angiotensin system and endothelium-derived vasoactive substances...
Objectives. To compare the pathologic stage and surgical margin status in patients undergoing either immediate radical prostatectomy or surgery preceded by 3 or 6 months of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment (NHT) in a prospective, randomized study.Methods. Four hundred thirty-one men with prostate cancer were enrolled in the Italian randomized prospective PROSIT study. The whole-mount sectioning technique...
In a retrospective analysis of hemorrhagic cystitis subsequent to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, we focused on patients who underwent subtotal cystectomy with ileocystoplasty because stepwise use of conservative treatments had failed. Severe lasting hemorrhagic cystitis (more than 40 days) led to urinary tract obstruction and sepsis that required subtotal cystectomy in 3 of 1300 bone graft...
Objectives. To determine the value of 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) studies in the evaluation of patients with organ-confined prostate cancer. This imaging method has previously found little usefulness in localized prostate tumors because of excretion of the isotope into the urine, masking any lower urinary tract lesions. We evaluated this imaging modality using...
Objectives. To elicit a possible link between glyoxalase I (Gly-I), a detoxifying enzyme, and the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), we investigated Gly-I phenotypic expression in the prostatic tissue and red blood cells (RBCs) from patients with PCa.Methods. Eighty-seven clinical specimens, including 42 PCa tissue samples, 20 RBC samples, and 25 matched pair (prostate and RBC) samples from patients...
Objectives. The valine (V) to leucine (L) polymorphism of the SRD5A2 gene is associated with 5-alpha reductase-2 activity; patients with the V allele have high activity and patients with the L allele have low activity. We examined whether this polymorphism predicts the presence of prostate cancer in 320 men without cancer who underwent biopsy and cancer progression in 318 men who underwent radical...
Objectives. The best therapeutic approach for varicocele correction in pediatric patients is still an object of some debate. We analyzed a series of 99 patients to identify the most effective approach in terms of low recurrence rates and preservation of testicular growth.Methods. One hundred four operations were performed on 99 patients between 9 and 16 years of age (mean 13.3). The first 18 patients...
Objectives. To determine the pathologic significance of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in complicated urinary tract infections.Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of specimens demonstrating this organism based on a survey of 9980 urine specimens cultured in our clinic during an 11-year period. Forty-two specimens from 34 patients were positive for S. saprophyticus.Results. S. saprophyticus...
Objectives. To evaluate the role of minimally invasive ''urologic'' interventional techniques for the treatment of pancreaticobiliary calculi in contemporary practice.Methods. Fourteen patients with retained cystic duct (n = 2), hepatic duct (n = 5), common duct (n = 2), pancreatic duct (n = 4), or gallbladder (n = 1) calculi were treated with 19 procedures, including shock wave lithotripsy (n = 9)...
Objectives. The clinical course of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder is highly variable. Our objective in this study was to describe E-cadherin expression patterns in CIS with and without papillary disease and to determine whether altered E-cadherin expression is associated with disease progression and survival in patients with CIS of the bladder.Methods. Tumor specimens from 53 patients who...
Objectives. To evaluate the utility of Ki-67 immunohistochemical analysis in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant adrenocortical neoplasms.Methods. Tissue specimens were obtained from 37 patients referred to our institute from 1990 to 1999. The indications for adrenalectomy were adrenal-dependent Cushing syndrome (n = 9), hyperandrogenism (n = 1), mineralocorticoid excess (n = 8),...
Objectives. To compare directly the efficacy, safety, and durability of targeted transurethral microwave thermotherapy with that of alpha-blocker treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods. In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, 52 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia received terazosin treatment and 51 underwent...
Immunotherapy with high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 is an effective therapy for selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Objective responses (complete or partial) are observed in about 15% of treated patients. The overall and disease-free survival of patients with a complete response are significantly prolonged. Although RCC is known to spread hematogenously, isolated RCC metastasis...
Tumors arising within a horseshoe kidney are uncommon and may be difficult to characterize. We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney. Although several conventional imaging techniques were used to define the mass, each provided limited information. Recent advances in computer technology permit radiologic imaging to provide detailed examination of the horseshoe kidney with...
Objectives. To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and long-term outcome of single-session ethanol sclerotherapy for non-neoplastic renal cysts.Methods. In a prospective study, 32 patients with a simple renal cyst were treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration, and no more than 100 mL sterile 99% ethanol was injected into the cyst. The procedure was performed under local anesthesia, and the...
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